The IndiaAI Fellowship 2026 to 2027 offers financial support to eligible students in India who want to develop their knowledge and research experience in artificial intelligence. The initiative is part of the Government of India’s IndiaAI Mission, which aims to strengthen the country’s artificial intelligence ecosystem, encourage innovation and develop a skilled workforce capable of working with emerging technologies. The fellowship supports students undertaking AI related research and projects across different academic disciplines. Rather than limiting participation to computer science and engineering students, the programme also recognises the potential for artificial intelligence to contribute to fields such as medicine, law, commerce, business and the liberal arts. Funding varies according to the applicant’s level of study. Eligible undergraduate and integrated degree students may receive up to ₹1 lakh, while postgraduate students may receive up to ₹2 lakh for the duration of their programme, subject to the applicable conditions. Eligible students whose research papers are accepted for qualifying international AI conferences may also receive additional financial support for travel or accommodation. About the IndiaAI Fellowship The IndiaAI Fellowship is implemented through the IndiaAI initiative under the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. It forms part of the broader IndiaAI Mission and its FutureSkills initiative, which seeks to expand access to artificial intelligence education, research and practical applications. The fellowship is intended to help students translate academic knowledge into research projects that address relevant technological and societal challenges. Supported students can work on AI related topics while developing research skills and gaining experience that may support future academic or professional opportunities. The programme covers undergraduate, integrated degree, postgraduate and doctoral categories. Each category has its own academic requirements, funding arrangements and documentation rules. Applicants should therefore consult the official guidelines for the category that matches their current enrolment. Fellowship Benefits • Undergraduate students may receive financial support of up to ₹1 lakh, subject to the programme requirements. • Eligible integrated degree students may receive up to ₹1 lakh in research funding. • Postgraduate students may receive up to ₹2 lakh for the duration of their programme, depending on their entry semester and continued eligibility. • Eligible researchers may receive additional support of up to ₹1 lakh for travel or accommodation associated with presenting a paper at a qualifying international AI conference. • Students can develop practical experience through AI related research and project work. • The fellowship supports academic development in artificial intelligence and related fields. • Participants can strengthen their research portfolios and build experience relevant to further study or careers in technology and innovation. Funding is subject to the applicable category rules and conditions. Applicants should not assume that every benefit is automatically awarded to every fellow. Research Areas The fellowship supports projects based on artificial intelligence or related areas. Relevant fields may include: • Artificial intelligence and machine learning. • Intelligent systems and AI applications. • AI applications in medicine and healthcare. • AI applications in business, commerce and financial services. • AI related research in law and public policy. • AI applications in science, engineering and other academic disciplines. Applicants should ensure that their proposed projects have a clear connection to artificial intelligence and comply with the official programme guidelines. Eligibility Criteria The programme is intended for eligible Indian nationals enrolled in recognised academic institutions. Requirements vary according to the applicant’s study level. Undergraduate applicants • Must be in the eligible stage of their undergraduate programme. • Students in three year programmes may apply after completing the fourth semester, subject to the official rules. • Students in four year programmes may apply after completing the sixth semester, subject to the official rules. • Must have completed at least three full time courses in artificial intelligence. • Must have achieved a CGPA of at least 8.0 or 80 percent in the last completed semester. • Must be undertaking an AI related project. Integrated degree applicants • Must meet the prescribed semester requirements for their integrated degree programme. • Must have completed at least three full time AI courses. • Must meet the required academic performance threshold. • Must be undertaking a relevant AI project. Postgraduate applicants • Must have confirmed admission to an eligible postgraduate programme. • Must apply during the first, second or third semester. • Must have achieved at least 80 percent or an equivalent grade in their undergraduate degree. • Applicants in their second or third postgraduate semester must also meet the required postgraduate academic performance threshold. • Must be undertaking an AI related project. Part time students are not eligible under the published undergraduate and postgraduate criteria. The official portal also sets separate requirements for doctoral applicants, including full time enrolment, research in AI and specific academic performance standards. Required Application Materials The official portal lists supporting documents that applicants must prepare according to their category. These may include: • An endorsement letter from the project guide, signed and stamped on official letterhead. • An endorsement letter from the institution head, Head of Department or registrar, signed and stamped on official letterhead. • Academic marksheets or records covering the required semesters. • A cancelled cheque or bank passbook cover page showing an account in the student’s name. • A passport size photograph in an accepted image format. • Additional documents specified in the official guidelines for the relevant student category. Applicants should use the current official document formats and ensure that endorsements and academic records are complete before submitting their applications. How to Apply Visit the official IndiaAI Fellowship portal at https://fellowship.indiaai.gov.in/. Read the programme guidelines and identify the application category that matches your current level of study. Confirm your nationality, institution, academic standing, semester and AI research eligibility. Review the funding conditions and the required documents for your category. Obtain the required endorsements from your project guide and institution. Prepare your academic records, banking information and other supporting documents in the prescribed formats. Follow the instructions on the official portal to complete the applicable application or nomination process. Check the portal regularly for updates
American Express Product Manager Graduate Job 2027 in London
American Express is inviting applications for its 2027 Campus Full Time Product Manager position in London, United Kingdom. The opportunity is designed for graduates interested in digital product management, technology, customer experience, data analytics and artificial intelligence. The successful candidate will join the Enterprise Technology Services team as an Associate Digital Product Management professional. The role offers practical exposure to developing digital products, understanding customer needs, analysing data and working with multidisciplinary teams to improve technology platforms and business processes. This graduate position is suited to candidates who expect to graduate in 2027 and want to build a career at the intersection of business, technology and product innovation. Applicants should demonstrate analytical thinking, communication skills, technical curiosity and an interest in using data and technology to solve real business problems. About the Opportunity American Express is a global financial services company whose technology teams develop and improve digital platforms and customer experiences. Product management plays an important role in connecting business strategy, technology, design, analytics and customer needs. As an Associate Digital Product Management professional, the selected graduate will contribute to identifying customer and colleague problems, evaluating possible solutions and supporting product decisions. The position provides exposure to the product development lifecycle, from initial research and planning to implementation and performance evaluation. The graduate will collaborate with product managers, software engineers, designers, data analysts, architects and other business stakeholders. This environment offers an opportunity to understand how digital products are planned, developed, tested and improved within a large organisation. The role also includes exposure to artificial intelligence, automation and enterprise technology platforms. Candidates will have opportunities to explore how these technologies can improve customer journeys, internal workflows and product development while taking responsible technology practices into account. Opportunity Benefits • Full time graduate employment with American Express. • Practical experience in digital product management and technology. • Exposure to product strategy, discovery, planning and delivery. • Opportunities to work with engineering, design, analytics and business teams. • Experience analysing data and customer feedback to inform decisions. • Exposure to artificial intelligence, automation and digital platforms. • Hybrid working arrangements under the company’s Amex Flex approach, where available. • Professional development and career training opportunities. • Access to employee wellbeing support, including confidential counselling. • Opportunities to develop skills in customer research, product performance measurement and business problem solving. The vacancy does not specify an exact salary figure. American Express describes its compensation as competitive and outlines a range of employee benefits. Applicants should consult the official job listing for the most current employment information. Key Responsibilities Successful candidates will support several aspects of product development and delivery, including: • Product strategy and discovery: Help identify customer and colleague needs, assess opportunities and contribute to product roadmap planning. • Requirements development: Document product requirements, user stories, acceptance criteria and proposed solutions. • Customer research: Participate in customer discovery, stakeholder discussions, usability testing and analysis of feedback. • Prioritisation: Assess initiatives according to customer value, business impact, technical feasibility, implementation effort and risk. • Data analysis: Examine product, customer, operational and business information to identify trends and recommend improvements. • Performance measurement: Help define key performance indicators, dashboards and plans for evaluating product performance after launch. • Cross functional collaboration: Work with engineering, design, analytics, risk, security, finance and operations teams. • AI and automation: Explore how artificial intelligence and automation can improve products and workflows while supporting responsible use. Eligibility Criteria Applicants should meet the stated minimum qualifications and demonstrate the potential to succeed in a technology focused product management role. • Expect to graduate in 2027. • Hold or be pursuing a relevant bachelor’s degree. • Demonstrate a strong interest in technology, digital products, customer experience, product management, artificial intelligence or data informed decision making. • Possess analytical and problem solving skills, including the ability to interpret information, identify patterns and develop recommendations. • Have strong written and verbal communication skills. • Be able to collaborate effectively with multidisciplinary teams and stakeholders. • Demonstrate relevant potential through university coursework, projects, internships, research, student organisations or extracurricular activities. • Already be eligible to work in the United Kingdom without employer sponsored visa arrangements. Previous employment specifically in product management is not stated as a mandatory requirement. Applicants can demonstrate their suitability through academic projects, leadership experience, internships and other activities that show initiative, organisation, technical understanding or customer focus. Preferred Qualifications The following capabilities may strengthen an application, although they are presented as preferred rather than minimum requirements. • Familiarity with Agile, Scrum, Kanban, Lean methods, product roadmaps and backlog prioritisation. • Exposure to customer research, design thinking, usability testing and customer journey mapping. • Understanding of software development lifecycles, application programming interfaces, system integrations or platform products. • Experience with dashboards, key performance indicators, quantitative data or qualitative research. • Interest in generative artificial intelligence, intelligent automation and responsible AI practices. • Familiarity with tools such as Jira, Confluence, Figma, Miro, Excel, PowerPoint, Tableau or Power BI. American Express also values curiosity, ownership, resilience, customer focus and a willingness to learn. Required Application Materials The published listing directs candidates to the official recruitment portal. Applicants should prepare an up to date CV that clearly demonstrates their qualifications and relevant experience. • Current CV highlighting education, relevant projects, internships and leadership activities. • Evidence of analytical ability, teamwork and problem solving. • Examples of technical, customer focused or data related work where available. • Information needed to complete the online application. The listing does not provide a definitive separate checklist of required supporting documents. Candidates should follow the instructions shown in the official application system. How to Apply Visit the official American Express Careers application portal. Search for the position titled Campus Full Time Product Manager 2027, UK London, or use job identification number 26013779. Review the role description and confirm that your expected graduation date meets the requirement. Verify that you already have the right to work in the United Kingdom, since visa sponsorship is not available for this
Ghent University Doctoral Scholarships for Candidates from the Global South 2027
Ghent University in Belgium is inviting applications for its 2027 Special Research Fund doctoral scholarships for candidates from eligible countries in the Global South. The programme offers 15 scholarships to early stage doctoral researchers seeking to conduct research through a partnership between Ghent University and a university or research centre in their home region. The scholarship follows a sandwich PhD model, allowing researchers to undertake part of their doctoral studies in Belgium and the remaining research at a partner institution in the Global South. The programme aims to strengthen international research collaboration, support emerging scholars and encourage knowledge exchange between institutions in the Global South and the Global North. The doctoral programme lasts 48 months and is open to applicants across academic disciplines. Proposals demonstrating relevance to collaboration between the Global South and Global North are particularly encouraged. Applicants must establish supervision arrangements at both institutions and secure a commitment from their partner institution to fund the locally based research period. About the Opportunity The Ghent University Doctoral Scholarships for Candidates from the Global South are provided through the university’s Special Research Fund, known as BOF. The scheme supports doctoral researchers who intend to obtain a PhD degree from Ghent University or pursue a joint doctoral degree through collaboration with an eligible institution in the Global South. The programme is designed to help researchers benefit from international academic expertise while maintaining strong connections with universities and research centres in their home regions. It encourages partnerships that strengthen research capacity, promote shared knowledge and contribute to addressing challenges relevant to participating countries. All research disciplines may be considered, although proposals with clear relevance to South and North collaboration receive preference. Candidates should develop a well defined research proposal and identify suitable supervisors before applying. Scholarship Benefits • PhD scholarship support from Ghent University for 24 months of research conducted in Belgium. • A total doctoral programme duration of 48 months, combining research in Belgium and the Global South. • A travel budget of €8,000 administered through the Ghent University supervisor to support eligible operational and travel expenses. • A monthly bench fee of €310 for each month of research conducted in Ghent, provided to the Ghent based supervisor for eligible research costs. • Opportunities to collaborate with international researchers and academic institutions. • Access to the research environment and academic expertise available at Ghent University. • The possibility of obtaining a PhD degree or joint PhD degree from Ghent University. Important funding condition: This is not an automatically fully funded four year scholarship from Ghent University alone. The partner university or research centre in the Global South must guarantee full time scholarship or salary funding for the other 24 months. Applicants should secure this commitment before submitting their applications. Research Areas The scholarship accepts proposals from different academic fields. No single discipline is specified as the exclusive focus of the programme. Potential applicants should demonstrate how their proposed research can benefit from collaboration between institutions in Belgium and the Global South. Priority may be given to proposals that: • Address research questions relevant to the needs and priorities of participating countries. • Demonstrate opportunities for meaningful collaboration between institutions. • Contribute to shared research goals and international knowledge exchange. • Establish sustainable academic partnerships. Eligibility Criteria Applicants must meet the programme’s nationality, academic and institutional requirements. • Be a national of a country included on Ghent University’s official list of eligible Global South countries for the 2027 call. • Meet the programme’s residence and country eligibility conditions. • Be at the beginning of their doctoral research and intend to obtain a PhD degree from Ghent University, either independently or through a joint doctoral arrangement. • Have at least 36 months of doctoral research remaining as of 1 October 2027. • Secure the support of a qualified supervisor at Ghent University. • Identify a supervisor at a partner university or research centre in an eligible country in the Global South. • Obtain written confirmation that the partner institution will provide full time funding for the 24 month research period in the Global South. • Have sufficient release from teaching and other duties to concentrate on research. Such duties may account for no more than 10 percent of a full time appointment. • Comply with the programme’s research mobility requirements unless an exception is approved. Exchange students who are not seeking a PhD degree from Ghent University are not eligible. The university also encourages female researchers to apply. Research Mobility Requirements Selected candidates must follow the programme’s prescribed research schedule. Under the standard arrangement, doctoral researchers must begin and end their PhD programme with research stays at Ghent University, each lasting between three and 12 months. The first research stay must begin between 1 October 2027 and 28 February 2028. At least 24 months of locally funded research in the Global South must take place between the first and final research stays in Belgium. Limited exceptions may be available in specific circumstances, including certain academic programme requirements or field research needs. Applicants seeking an exception must submit the relevant request and supporting documents by 15 January 2027. Required Application Materials Applicants should prepare the official application and supporting documents in accordance with the 2027 call requirements. • Completed official 2027 application form in English. • Written confirmation from the partner institution in the Global South guaranteeing 24 months of full time scholarship or salary funding. • Confirmation of the candidate’s research arrangements and limits on teaching or other duties at the partner institution. • Candidate assessment form completed and submitted by the Ghent University supervisor. • Assessment of the ethical and biosafety context of the proposed research, submitted by the Ghent University supervisor. • Additional mobility or funding exception documents, where applicable. Applicants should consult the official call documents to confirm the complete requirements and ensure that both supervisors provide the necessary support. Selection Criteria Applications are expected to demonstrate academic quality, research potential and a credible partnership between the participating institutions.
United Nations University Junior Fellows Internship 2027
Applications are open for the United Nations University (UNU) Junior Fellows Internship Programme 2027, offering graduate students and recent postgraduate graduates an opportunity to gain practical experience within the United Nations system. The programme is hosted by the Office of the Rector at UNU headquarters in Tokyo, Japan, and is designed for young scholars and professionals interested in international development, research, public policy, institutional administration and global affairs. The Spring 2027 internship is expected to run from March 1 to August 27, 2027, for approximately six months. Applicants based in Japan and those living overseas are eligible to be considered for the Spring 2027 intake, subject to the programme requirements. Through this opportunity, Junior Fellows contribute to the work of the Office of the Rector while developing professional skills in an international institutional environment. Participants gain exposure to the administrative and operational processes of a United Nations institution and learn how research, communication, planning and coordination support the university’s wider mission. The programme is particularly suitable for candidates seeking to apply their postgraduate education in a professional setting and build experience relevant to careers in international organisations, public policy, research, education and development. About the Internship The United Nations University is a global research and policy institution that contributes knowledge and research to address challenges related to sustainable development, peace, human welfare and other pressing international issues. It works with universities, research institutions, United Nations agencies and other partners to support evidence informed approaches to global challenges. The Junior Fellows Internship Programme connects emerging professionals with the activities of the Office of the Rector. Interns support institutional initiatives while learning about the operations of UNU and the wider United Nations system. The programme begins with an orientation period intended to familiarise participants with the university, their colleagues, facilities and working processes. Throughout the placement, Junior Fellows receive guidance and practical experience while undertaking assignments that contribute to the work of the office. Interns generally work full time during regular university working hours, Monday to Friday. The programme may involve on site work in Tokyo, with some flexibility for remote work depending on the applicable arrangements. Internship Benefits Selected Junior Fellows can benefit from: • Monthly stipend: Eligible interns receive a monthly stipend to partially subsidise basic living expenses, including transportation to and from UNU headquarters. The amount depends on the applicable duty station rate. • Practical United Nations experience: Gain first hand experience working within a United Nations institution. • Professional development: Strengthen research, writing, analytical, communication and administrative skills. • Institutional exposure: Learn about the work of the Office of the Rector and the operations of the United Nations University. • Research and policy experience: Contribute to background research, executive briefs and institutional information documents. • Event coordination experience: Assist with conferences, workshops, lectures, meetings and academic forums. • International professional networks: Work with colleagues from different professional and cultural backgrounds. • Learning resources: Access UNU headquarters library and gym facilities, subject to availability and programme arrangements. • Career preparation: Develop experience that may support future applications for roles in international development, research, policy and administration. Please note that the stipend is intended to provide partial financial support. Applicants should not assume that it will cover all accommodation and living expenses in Tokyo. Internship Areas Junior Fellows may support activities in several areas of the Office of the Rector, including: • Administrative research and writing: Conduct background research, prepare executive briefs and draft information documents supporting institutional development and internal policy work. • Planning and project management: Help develop project management tools, systems and processes. • Event coordination: Assist with the planning and organisation of online and in person conferences, lectures, workshops and public events. • Meeting coordination: Provide logistical support, prepare meeting documentation and record minutes. • Editorial support: Proofread reports, edit documents and help improve written communications. • Communications: Prepare newsletters, event summaries and other materials to communicate UNU activities. Assignments depend on institutional priorities and the needs of the Office of the Rector. Eligibility Criteria Applicants should meet the following requirements: • Be currently pursuing a postgraduate degree at master’s or doctoral level, or have completed postgraduate studies within the two years preceding the application. • Be under 32 years of age at the time of application. • Have no more than five years of relevant professional experience in their field. • Demonstrate native or fluent written and spoken English. • Possess strong research, writing and analytical skills. • Demonstrate the ability to work effectively with people from diverse backgrounds. • Show resourcefulness, creativity and sound problem solving skills. • Have advanced computer skills, including practical knowledge of Microsoft Office applications. • Have a demonstrated interest in the United Nations and the work of the United Nations University. • Be able to meet the practical requirements of the internship, including access to a suitable computer and reliable internet if working remotely. Applicants with strong Microsoft Excel skills and familiarity with information and communication technology tools may have an advantage. Required Application Materials Applicants should prepare the following documents and information: • Current CV: Submit an updated CV in English, limited to two single sided pages. Upload it in the section designated for the P11 Form. The P11 Form is not required for this internship. • Cover letter: Provide a cover letter in English of no more than one single sided page. Explain your motivation for applying, how you could contribute to the Office of the Rector and how the internship relates to your future career goals. • Application form: Complete the application form and answer the questions relevant to the position. • Funding form: Outline the sources, amounts and duration of actual or expected financial support while in Tokyo. • Two letters of recommendation: Arrange for two referees familiar with your academic abilities, professional performance or personal character to submit recommendations. At least one referee is expected to be a professor who knows your academic abilities. Referees must not be family members or friends. •
CMU Africa Certificate in Artificial Intelligence for Africa 2027
Applications are open for the Carnegie Mellon University Africa Certificate in Artificial Intelligence for Africa 2027, an online learning programme designed for students and professionals who want to develop practical artificial intelligence skills and build AI applications relevant to African needs. The programme combines technical training with an understanding of the development and application of AI across the continent. Offered by Carnegie Mellon University Africa, the certificate programme provides structured learning in artificial intelligence, machine learning, programming, mathematical foundations and generative AI. Participants will engage with practical exercises using industry standard tools and learn how to develop solutions to real world challenges. The curriculum is designed by Carnegie Mellon University engineering professors. The programme is intended for learners seeking to strengthen their technical capabilities, prepare for career opportunities in AI and apply emerging technologies to problems in African communities, industries and institutions. It is suitable for undergraduate students and professionals who already have basic mathematical and programming knowledge and want to build on that foundation. About the Opportunity The CMU Africa Certificate in Artificial Intelligence for Africa aims to equip learners with the knowledge and practical skills needed to understand, develop and evaluate AI applications. Rather than focusing only on the theory behind artificial intelligence, the programme connects foundational concepts with the tools, frameworks and techniques used to develop working solutions. Participants will learn to assess the capabilities and limitations of AI tools, apply analytical and technical methods, develop AI models and translate practical challenges into data driven solutions. The programme also emphasises evaluating the effectiveness of AI applications through appropriate metrics, validation techniques and critical thinking. The programme is delivered online, allowing participants to complete their learning remotely. It is not a university credit programme. However, learners receive digital badges for individual courses and a shareable, verifiable certificate after completing all six courses. Opportunity Benefits • Free participation: Qualified applicants can complete the certificate programme without paying programme fees. • Practical AI skills: Develop the foundational capabilities needed to understand and build artificial intelligence applications. • Six structured courses: Follow a curriculum covering AI concepts, programming, machine learning and generative AI. • Digital credentials: Earn a digital badge for each completed course. • Verifiable certificate: Receive a shareable certificate after successfully completing all six courses. • Career development: Strengthen preparation for internships and entry level opportunities while building relevant technical skills for professional advancement. • African context: Explore AI and machine learning applications relevant to African challenges and opportunities. • Flexible online learning: Study remotely while committing the necessary time to complete lessons and practical exercises. Programme Areas The certificate includes six courses divided into two learning tracks. Perspective and Context Track • Artificial Intelligence: Past, Present and Future • AI and Machine Learning in Africa Technical Track • Python for AI • Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning • Machine Learning Essentials • Applied Generative AI Together, these courses introduce participants to the development of artificial intelligence, the mathematical concepts behind machine learning, programming techniques and the practical use of generative AI. The curriculum is intended to help learners progress from understanding core concepts to developing and evaluating AI solutions. Eligibility Criteria Applicants must satisfy the programme’s stated prerequisites to be considered for admission. • Have completed introductory coursework in linear algebra. • Have introductory knowledge of probability and statistics. • Possess experience in computer programming. • Have access to a laptop or desktop computer. • Have a reliable internet connection suitable for online learning. • Be able to dedicate at least five hours per week to programme lessons. The university recommends approximately five to six hours weekly to maintain the expected learning pace. • Demonstrate an interest in developing AI skills and applying them to practical challenges. The programme is designed for a broad range of learners, including undergraduate students and working professionals. Applicants should ensure that they have the necessary mathematical and programming foundations before submitting their applications. Required Application Information Applicants should prepare the following information and materials: • Full name and contact information. • Academic background. • Professional experience, where applicable. • An updated curriculum vitae. • A brief statement describing personal and professional goals. Applicants should provide accurate information about their education, experience and objectives. The statement of goals should explain how the certificate relates to their interests and future plans. Selection Criteria Admission is by invitation and depends on the submitted application and the availability of places in the next cohort. Meeting the prerequisites does not automatically guarantee admission. Applicants should clearly present their academic preparation, programming experience and professional or educational goals. A well prepared application should demonstrate how the programme could support their plans to develop AI capabilities or apply artificial intelligence in their area of interest. How to Apply Visit the official programme website. Review the curriculum, prerequisites and application instructions on the Carnegie Mellon University Africa website: https://www.africa.engineering.cmu.edu/academics/ai-certificate/ Prepare your application information. Gather your contact details, academic background, professional experience and curriculum vitae. Write your statement of goals. Briefly explain your professional or academic objectives and how the certificate could help you achieve them. Complete the online application. Use the application link provided on the official programme page and submit the requested information during the application period. Submit before the deadline. Applications and recommendations are accepted from October 15 to November 15, 2026. Monitor your communications. Enrollment is by invitation, subject to the quality of the application and available places. Check your email for updates from the programme team.
Toronto Metropolitan University Global Migration Institute Scholarships 2027 to 2028
Applications are open for the Toronto Metropolitan University Global Migration Institute Scholarships for the 2027 to 2028 academic year in Canada. Offered through the university’s Bridging Divides program, these graduate student stipends support research that examines migration, inclusion, social participation, employment, health and other issues affecting communities. The scholarships are available to eligible domestic and international students pursuing full time master’s or PhD studies at Toronto Metropolitan University (TMU). Successful applicants receive financial support while joining an interdisciplinary research community focused on understanding social challenges and developing evidence that can inform policy and practice. The program offers up to CAD $35,000 per year for eligible master’s students and up to CAD $45,000 per year for eligible PhD students. Funding is limited, and applicants must demonstrate a clear connection between their research and at least one of the Bridging Divides program’s four research themes. About the Opportunity The Global Migration Institute at Toronto Metropolitan University supports interdisciplinary research and collaboration on migration and related social issues. Through its Bridging Divides program, the institute provides graduate stipends to students whose research contributes to its thematic priorities. The program welcomes eligible students applying to begin a master’s degree in Fall 2027, as well as current master’s students entering their second year during the 2027 to 2028 academic year. Eligible PhD students already enrolled at TMU may also apply for support. Applicants do not necessarily need to be enrolled in a program explicitly focused on migration. Students from a range of academic disciplines may qualify if their research has a clear connection to one of the program’s four themes. Course based graduate programmes are not eligible for this stipend. Scholarship Benefits • Master’s stipend: Up to CAD $35,000 per year for eligible domestic and international students. • PhD stipend: Up to CAD $45,000 per year for eligible domestic and international students. • Funding duration for incoming master’s students: A maximum of two years, subject to the program’s conditions. • Research development: Participation in research training activities and workshops. • Academic integration: Opportunities to become part of the Global Migration Institute research team. • Professional development: Engagement with an interdisciplinary community of researchers and graduate students. • Potential funding renewal: Continued support may be available following an annual review of academic progress and funding availability. Students who hold external scholarships or research grants may also apply for supplementary funding. Such requests are considered individually and require a strong justification. Programme Areas Applicants must connect their proposed or ongoing research to at least one of the four Bridging Divides research themes. • Immigrant Health and Well Being: Research examining health, access to services and the well being of immigrant communities. • Employment and Lifelong Learning: Studies concerning employment opportunities, labour market participation, education and continuing learning. • Place and Infrastructure: Research on places, built environments, infrastructure and their relationships with communities. • Citizenship and Participation: Studies exploring citizenship, inclusion, civic engagement and participation in society. Eligible academic programmes include selected graduate degrees in criminology, economics, public policy, psychology, spatial analysis, social work, urban development, engineering, management, communication, journalism, immigration and settlement studies, environmental science and data science. Other programmes may be considered individually when their research clearly aligns with a Bridging Divides theme. Eligibility Criteria Applicants should meet the following requirements relevant to their application category. • Be applying to or enrolled in an eligible graduate programme at Toronto Metropolitan University. • Be pursuing full time master’s or PhD studies. • Demonstrate a clear connection between the proposed or ongoing research and at least one Bridging Divides research theme. • For incoming master’s applicants, apply separately for admission to the relevant TMU graduate programme. • For existing master’s applicants, be entering the second year of an eligible programme in the 2027 to 2028 academic year. • For PhD applicants, be enrolled full time in an eligible TMU doctoral programme. • Have a supervisor or co supervisor who is a TMU faculty member directly involved in the Bridging Divides program. • Meet any additional academic or supervisory requirements applicable to the chosen graduate programme. Students in course based graduate programmes are not eligible. Applicants should confirm whether their particular programme and research project qualify before applying. Required Application Materials The application requirements vary according to whether the candidate is applying for an incoming master’s stipend, an existing master’s stipend or an existing PhD stipend. Incoming and existing master’s applicants • Completed online stipend application form. • Curriculum vitae. • Academic transcript. • Statement of Interest or Letter of Intent submitted with the graduate programme application. • Bridging Divides motivation letter of no more than two pages explaining why the applicant should receive the stipend and how their research connects with the program’s themes. • For applicants in the Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, the proposed or expected supervisor’s name, including at least one Bridging Divides researcher, and the required statement from the Associate Dean of Graduate Studies where applicable. Existing PhD applicants • Completed online stipend application form. • TMU student identification number and enrolled programme details. • Curriculum vitae. • Academic transcript. • Statement of Interest or Letter of Intent from the PhD application. • Writing sample of no more than 10 pages. • Bridging Divides motivation letter of no more than two pages. • Name of the supervisor or supervisors, including at least one Bridging Divides researcher, for applicants subject to the additional engineering faculty requirements. How to Apply Review the research themes. Visit the Global Migration Institute website and identify the Bridging Divides theme that best matches your research. Check programme eligibility. Review the list of affiliated graduate programmes and contact the relevant academic department if your programme is not listed. Apply for graduate admission if necessary. Incoming master’s candidates must first apply to their chosen TMU graduate programme according to its admission requirements. Prepare the required documents. Assemble the appropriate application materials and write a motivation letter explaining the importance of your research and its connection to the program. Submit the
Deutsche Welle DW Traineeship 2028 to 2029
Applications are open for the Deutsche Welle (DW) Traineeship 2028 to 2029, an 18 month paid journalism training programme offered by Germany’s international broadcaster, Deutsche Welle. The programme is designed for creative, curious and motivated applicants who want to develop professional journalism skills and contribute to the future of international media. The traineeship begins on January 3, 2028, and runs until June 2029. Training takes place primarily at DW’s broadcasting centres in Bonn and Berlin, Germany, with opportunities to gain experience in international editorial offices. Participants receive a salary throughout the programme while learning through practical newsroom placements, seminars, workshops and journalism projects. The programme covers television, radio and online journalism, including multimedia storytelling, mobile reporting, data journalism, social media journalism and virtual reality. Trainees also explore emerging technologies and the use of artificial intelligence in journalism. Applicants with strong knowledge of social media content creation and experience applying AI tools to journalistic work may be particularly competitive. About the Opportunity Deutsche Welle is Germany’s international public broadcaster, producing news and information for audiences around the world. Its journalism reaches people through television, radio, digital platforms and other media formats. The DW Traineeship is a structured professional training programme that combines instruction with practical newsroom experience. Participants learn from experienced journalists and trainers while working with different editorial departments. The programme aims to prepare trainees for careers as multimedia reporters, editors, presenters and correspondents. During the traineeship, participants gain experience in developing story ideas, researching information, producing journalistic content and working with different media formats. They may undertake placements in DW departments in Bonn and Berlin, as well as selected international bureaus. These placements expose trainees to different editorial environments and approaches to international reporting. The programme is full time. Applicants should be prepared to participate actively in training sessions, newsroom assignments and collaborative projects throughout the 18 month period. Opportunity Benefits • Monthly salary throughout the 18 month traineeship. • Professional journalism training led by experienced trainers. • Practical experience in television, radio and online journalism. • Placements with DW editorial departments in Bonn and Berlin. • Opportunities to gain experience in selected international DW bureaus. • Training in multimedia storytelling, mobile reporting and digital journalism. • Exposure to data journalism, social media reporting and virtual reality. • Opportunities to develop original content and innovative journalism projects. • Experience working with international editorial teams and audiences. • Professional development and networking opportunities within an international broadcaster. • Potential career opportunities with DW after successful completion of the traineeship. Training Areas The programme combines technical training, editorial development and practical newsroom experience. Key areas include: • Television journalism: Developing and producing content for television, including presentation and reporting skills. • Radio journalism: Learning audio storytelling, reporting and production for radio formats. • Online journalism: Creating digital content for international audiences and online news platforms. • Multimedia storytelling: Combining text, images, audio and video to communicate stories effectively. • Mobile reporting: Using mobile tools and techniques to gather and produce journalistic content. • Data journalism: Working with data to investigate issues, identify patterns and strengthen reporting. • Social media journalism: Developing content for social platforms and understanding how audiences engage with news. • Artificial intelligence in journalism: Exploring the responsible and effective use of AI tools in journalistic work. • Virtual reality and emerging media: Learning about innovative formats and technologies shaping the future of journalism. • Editorial research and production: Developing ideas, researching subjects and taking stories from initial concept through to production. Eligibility Criteria Applicants should review the official DW requirements before beginning their applications. The published profile includes the following criteria: • Applicants from all nationalities and cultural backgrounds are welcome. • Applicants must have completed a university degree, college degree or apprenticeship. • Candidates should have initial journalistic experience. • Applicants should demonstrate creativity, curiosity and a strong interest in journalism. • Candidates should have a native level command of one of DW’s languages, excellent English and good German, or be native English speakers with good German, or native German speakers with excellent English. • Applicants should be able to work under deadlines and contribute effectively as part of a team. • Candidates with experience creating content for social media channels are encouraged to apply. • Applicants from fields such as technology, information technology, science, politics, economics and law are welcome, alongside candidates from other professional backgrounds. • Applicants with strong knowledge of the journalistic application of artificial intelligence may receive preference. • Candidates should be interested in international reporting and willing to learn across different media formats Required Application Materials and Tasks The official application process includes an online registration followed by additional mandatory tasks. Applicants should prepare to complete each stage within the published application period. • Complete the online application form through the DW career portal. • Provide the personal, educational and professional information requested in the application system. • Complete the questionnaire sent after registering. • Prepare and submit the required video application. • Complete any other tasks provided through the official application portal. • Upload all required information and materials to the applicant profile before the deadline. The questionnaire and video application are mandatory components of a valid application. DW advises candidates to allow sufficient time because these tasks can be time consuming. Applications submitted by email will not be processed. Selection Criteria DW uses a multistage selection process to identify candidates for 12 traineeship places. Applicants should demonstrate: • A strong interest in journalism and international news. • Creativity and the ability to develop original story ideas. • Initial journalism experience or relevant professional expertise that can contribute to reporting. • Excellent language skills in line with the programme requirements. • Social media knowledge and an understanding of digital audiences. • The ability to work collaboratively and meet deadlines. • An interest in new journalistic methods, including data journalism and artificial intelligence tools. • The potential to develop into a skilled multimedia reporter or editor. Candidates should highlight relevant experience
APDD Individual Research Fellowships 2027 for African Researchers
Applications are open for the African Peacebuilding and Developmental Dynamics (APDD) Individual Research Fellowships 2027, an opportunity for African researchers, academics, policy analysts and practitioners to conduct independent research on peacebuilding, conflict, governance and development across the continent. The programme is administered by the Social Science Research Council (SSRC) and supports research that can strengthen scholarship, inform policy decisions and improve peacebuilding practice. The fellowship aims to increase the quality, visibility and practical relevance of African research. It encourages researchers to produce evidence that reflects African experiences and perspectives while contributing to regional and international discussions about conflict prevention, peacebuilding and development. The programme also helps connect researchers with policymakers, practitioners, senior academics and research institutions. For the 2027 fellowship cycle, successful applicants can receive an award of up to US$12,000 to support an approved research project. Fellows undertake field based research, analysis and writing over a period of up to nine months. The programme combines independent research with professional development, mentorship and opportunities to share findings with wider audiences. About the Opportunity The APDD Individual Research Fellowship was established to strengthen independent African peacebuilding research and make research based knowledge more accessible to policymakers, practitioners and research centres. Through the programme, the SSRC supports work that can contribute to understanding conflict, improving governance, and identifying approaches to sustainable peace and development. Fellows are expected to undertake a substantial individual research project. The planned research period includes approximately six months of field based research, followed by three months of analysis and writing. The 2027 cohort is expected to begin research no later than July 2027 and complete the project by March 2028. The programme is open to researchers across academic disciplines. However, applicants should demonstrate a sound understanding of relevant social science literature, research tools and methodologies. Projects should address an issue related to peacebuilding in Africa and offer a clear contribution to scholarship, policy or practice. Research findings are expected to reach audiences beyond academic institutions. Fellows may contribute working papers, policy briefs, journal articles, essays, blogs, opinion pieces, books or podcasts. The programme also encourages fellows to share their work through APDD publications and digital platforms. Opportunity Benefits • Research funding of up to US$12,000 for an approved individual research project. • Support for fieldwork, research activities, analysis and writing included in the approved project budget. • Mentorship from experienced senior scholars working in peacebuilding and related fields. • Participation in two mandatory APDD workshops, planned for July 2027 and January 2028. • Workshop related travel, accommodation, meals and other necessary participation expenses arranged and covered by the programme. • Opportunities to refine research questions, research design and methodology. • Opportunities to present research findings and develop publications for academic and policy audiences. • Access to a professional network of African researchers, academics, policy analysts and practitioners. • Opportunities for peer learning, collaboration and professional development. • Greater visibility for research contributing African perspectives to regional and global peacebuilding discussions. Research Areas The fellowship welcomes proposals from different disciplines, provided that the proposed work addresses peacebuilding in Africa and demonstrates appropriate social science research foundations. Relevant areas may include: • Conflict prevention and peacebuilding. • Governance and state society relations. • Peacebuilding policy and practice. • Conflict dynamics and their implications for development. • Community responses to conflict and insecurity. • Evidence based approaches to peace and development. • Research that connects academic knowledge with policy decisions and practical peacebuilding interventions. Applicants should consult the official application guidebook for the programme’s thematic priorities. Original and innovative proposals are encouraged, particularly those that address important questions not adequately covered by existing research. Eligibility Criteria Applicants must meet the requirements for either the academic category or the policy analyst and practitioner category. General requirements • Applicants must be African citizens currently residing in an African country. • Applications must be submitted by individuals rather than research teams. • Applicants must have a relevant professional position or institutional affiliation in Africa. • Applicants must propose research focused on an issue related to African peacebuilding. • Applicants must be able to undertake the approved research within the fellowship period and participate in the required programme activities. Academic applicants • Must hold a PhD at the time of application. • The PhD must have been obtained no earlier than January 2017. • Must hold a full time faculty or research position at a university or research organisation in Africa. • Must maintain full time employment at an eligible African institution throughout the fellowship. • Applicants whose PhDs have not been awarded by April 2027 will not have their cases prioritised for academic eligibility. Policy analysts and practitioners • Must be based at a regional or subregional institution, government agency, nongovernmental organisation, media organisation or civil society organisation in Africa. • Must hold a master’s degree obtained before January 2022. • Must have at least five years of proven research and professional experience in peacebuilding related activities. There is no specified age limit. However, the programme gives preference to early and mid career academics and experienced practitioners and policy analysts. Previous unsuccessful applicants may apply again if they meet the eligibility requirements. Previous recipients of the former APN Individual Research Fellowship are not eligible. Required Application Materials Applicants should prepare the following materials for submission through the online application portal: • Completed online application form. • Research proposal and bibliography. • Current curriculum vitae. • Proposed research timeline. • Proposed research budget. • Two references. • Language evaluation documents, if required. • A copy of the relevant university degree. The research proposal should clearly explain the research problem, questions, conceptual or theoretical approach, methodology and expected contribution. Applicants should demonstrate how the project relates to peacebuilding in Africa and explain how the proposed research will be completed within the fellowship period. All required application materials should be submitted by the deadline. References and any required language evaluations may be submitted separately, but they must also arrive by the application deadline. Academic transcripts are
WWF Russell E. Train Fellowships 2027
Applications are open for the WWF Russell E. Train Fellowships 2027, an educational funding opportunity supporting conservation professionals and aspiring researchers working to address human and wildlife conflict in Uganda. Offered through the World Wildlife Fund’s Education for Nature Program, the fellowship aims to strengthen local expertise and develop practical solutions to conservation challenges affecting people, wildlife and agricultural communities. The 2027 fellowship opportunity focuses specifically on human and elephant conflict, particularly incidents in which elephants raid crops on agricultural lands near the northern boundary of Murchison Falls National Park in Uganda. As human populations grow and settlements and farming activities expand into wildlife habitats, conflicts between people and elephants can threaten livelihoods, food security and wildlife conservation efforts. The programme supports Ugandan nationals pursuing master’s level studies at accredited institutions in Uganda. Applicants are expected to develop research that contributes to practical, interdisciplinary and culturally relevant approaches to reducing human elephant conflict and promoting coexistence. The fellowship is intended to strengthen the capacity of conservation scientists, researchers and practitioners to address these challenges within their own country. About the Fellowship The Russell E. Train Education for Nature Program is a WWF initiative that invests in education, research and professional development for conservation leaders. It supports individuals and organisations working to protect biodiversity and improve the sustainable management of natural resources in WWF priority regions. The fellowship for 2027 seeks to strengthen Uganda’s capacity to understand and respond to human elephant conflict. Its focus is on building local knowledge and research expertise that can inform conservation practices, agricultural management and community based solutions. The opportunity is particularly relevant to students whose academic interests include wildlife conservation, ecology, biology, zoology, geography and related disciplines. Research should be directed towards developing solutions to elephant crop raiding and the resulting challenges for agricultural communities around the northern boundary of Murchison Falls National Park. Fellowship Benefits Eligible applicants may request up to US$15,000 per year for a maximum of two years. • Funding for tuition and academic fees. • Support for living expenses during the study period. • Financial assistance for books and learning materials. • Support for eligible research expenses. • Opportunity to develop specialised knowledge of human elephant conflict and coexistence. • Academic and field based research experience relevant to conservation challenges in Uganda. • Opportunity to contribute evidence and practical recommendations for wildlife conservation and community livelihoods. The final award amount will depend on the proposed research, the applicant’s financial needs and the scope of the funding request. Applicants should prepare a realistic budget that explains how the requested support will contribute to their academic programme and research objectives. Research Focus Areas The fellowship is designed around a specific conservation challenge in Uganda. Proposed research should address the causes, consequences or potential solutions to human elephant conflict, particularly crop raiding near Murchison Falls National Park. Relevant research directions may include: • Understanding the causes and patterns of elephant crop raiding. • Examining the effects of human elephant conflict on agricultural livelihoods and local communities. • Developing practical approaches to reduce crop damage caused by elephants. • Exploring community based strategies for improving coexistence between people and wildlife. • Evaluating conservation interventions and their effectiveness in reducing conflict. • Investigating the social, ecological and economic dimensions of human elephant conflict. These are illustrative research directions rather than a prescribed list of separate fellowship tracks. Applicants should ensure that their proposed research directly addresses the fellowship’s stated focus. Eligibility Criteria Applicants should meet the following requirements before applying. • Be a Ugandan national. • Hold a bachelor’s degree in a relevant discipline, such as biology, ecology, conservation, zoology or geography. • Be enrolled in, admitted to or have applied to a master’s degree programme at an accredited institution in Uganda. • Have at least two years of conservation related work, research or academic experience, as specified in the published eligibility information. • Demonstrate a clear commitment to conservation and addressing environmental challenges in an eligible country. • Plan to begin the relevant studies no later than January 2028. • Propose master’s research focused on developing solutions to human elephant conflict associated with crop raiding around the northern boundary of Murchison Falls National Park. Applicants who are current or former WWF employees, consultants or previous Education for Nature grant recipients should contact the programme team to confirm their eligibility before submitting an application. Required Application Materials Applicants should consult the official application portal and grant guidelines for the complete document requirements. Candidates should be prepared to provide information demonstrating their academic background, proposed research and suitability for the fellowship. Important application information includes: • Evidence of a relevant bachelor’s degree. • Details of admission, application or enrolment in an eligible master’s programme in Uganda. • A research proposal addressing human elephant conflict and coexistence. • An explanation of the proposed research methods and expected contribution to conservation. • A funding request covering eligible academic, living and research expenses. • Information about relevant conservation experience and commitment to addressing the stated research challenge. • Any additional documents required by the official application form. Applicants should ensure that all information is accurate and that the proposed research, study programme and budget are consistent with the fellowship requirements. Selection Criteria The fellowship is competitive, and applicants should demonstrate a clear connection between their academic plans and the programme’s conservation objectives. Applications should establish the relevance of the proposed research to human elephant conflict in Uganda, the applicant’s ability to undertake graduate level study and the potential value of the research for conservation practice. A well developed proposal should explain the problem being investigated, the methods that will be used, the expected outcomes and how the findings could contribute to reducing conflict between elephants and agricultural communities. Applicants should also show how the requested funding will support completion of their studies and research. How to Apply Review the official fellowship information. Visit the WWF Russell E. Train Fellowships webpage and locate the opportunity focused on human wildlife
Rockefeller Foundation Cities Deliver AI Solutions for Public Services 2026
Applications are open for the Rockefeller Foundation Cities Deliver: AI Solutions for Public Services initiative, a global funding opportunity supporting organizations that work with city governments to improve essential public services through artificial intelligence (AI). The initiative is a partnership between The Rockefeller Foundation and the OpenAI Foundation, with a combined commitment of $50 million to help cities develop and expand practical AI solutions that respond to residents’ needs. The programme aims to support projects that improve the quality and accessibility of public services, particularly for underserved and vulnerable communities. It seeks to help local governments address challenges such as access to healthcare, employment opportunities, environmental emergencies and communication between residents and public authorities. Selected organizations can receive grants ranging from $500,000 to $2 million, depending on the maturity and scale of their proposed projects. The funding supports projects over a 24 month period, giving recipients time to develop solutions, test them with communities, measure results and work towards long term sustainability. About the Opportunity Cities Deliver: AI Solutions for Public Services was established to help organizations and city governments use advanced AI capabilities to make public services more responsive, accessible and effective. The initiative is managed by RF Catalytic Capital, an affiliate of The Rockefeller Foundation. The programme recognizes that city governments face increasing demands while often operating with limited resources. AI can help public agencies identify emerging problems, improve access to information, support decision making and deliver services more efficiently. However, successful implementation requires appropriate technology, local expertise, responsible management and close cooperation between organizations and public authorities. Cities Deliver therefore seeks projects that begin with a clearly identified community need rather than technology alone. Applicants must explain the problem they intend to address, why it matters to residents, how AI will contribute to the proposed solution and how progress will be assessed. The initiative accepts applications through two funding tracks. The Seed track supports early concepts that are ready for an initial city pilot, while the Scale track supports solutions that have already been tested and demonstrated promising results. Both tracks require a credible plan for implementation, evaluation and sustainability. Projects are expected to use recent advanced AI models as a meaningful part of the solution. Applicants are not required or expected to use OpenAI products exclusively. They may select the models and tools best suited to their projects. Opportunity Benefits Successful applicants can receive the following support: • Grant funding: Between $500,000 and less than $1 million for Seed projects, or between $1 million and $2 million for Scale projects. • Project implementation support: Funding to develop, test, pilot or expand AI solutions in collaboration with city governments. • Peer learning: Participation in a facilitated group of grantees, with opportunities to exchange experiences and practical lessons. • Mentorship and webinars: Learning opportunities and evaluation support based on project needs and availability. • Technical assistance: Occasional AI product and engineering support, subject to available capacity. • Professional networks: Opportunities to connect with city leaders, funders and technical partners through the Rockefeller Foundation and OpenAI Foundation networks. • Convening opportunities: Invitations for grantees and relevant stakeholders to participate in global or regional gatherings to share findings and demonstrate their work. • Potential for broader impact: An opportunity to develop solutions that can be sustained, adapted or expanded to reach more residents. All grants cover a 24 month project period. Funding is disbursed in two stages, with 50 percent provided at the beginning and the remaining 50 percent released after a documented midterm milestone is achieved. Programme Areas Applications must address at least one of the following focus areas. • Public Health: Projects that strengthen healthcare access, frontline care, disease surveillance, disability services, food access, nutrition and public health prevention. • Economic Mobility: AI solutions that help unemployed and underemployed residents access employment, income support, skills development and public benefits. Examples include career navigation, benefits enrolment and skills based hiring. • Environmental Resilience: Projects that help cities prepare for, withstand and recover from environmental emergencies. Areas may include disaster response, public safety, energy infrastructure, early warning systems and land management in vulnerable communities. • Civic Engagement: Solutions that help local governments communicate with residents, respond to service requests and encourage participation in public decision making. Examples include digital access, court services, permitting and regulatory processes. Projects focused on voting or elections are excluded. Eligibility Criteria Applicants must meet the programme’s organizational and project requirements. • The lead applicant must be an eligible organization, such as a nonprofit organization, university laboratory, fiscally sponsored organization or public benefit corporation. • For profit organizations may qualify in limited circumstances where the project serves a charitable purpose and benefits the company’s commercial activities only incidentally. • Government entities cannot apply directly as the lead applicant. • Every proposal must include a city government partner that is committed to collaborating on the project. • The project must serve a charitable purpose, benefit underserved, poor or distressed communities, or contribute to broader social welfare. • The proposed solution must address a significant public service problem identified by the city government and the communities it serves. • Advanced AI capabilities must play a meaningful role in the proposed solution rather than being included as an incidental feature. • Applicants must demonstrate that their team and city partner are prepared to integrate the technology into public sector settings. • Proposals must explain how the solution can be operated responsibly, evaluated effectively and sustained beyond the initial grant period. • Applicants must provide a clear plan for measuring progress, gathering user feedback and assessing social impact. • Existing grantees of The Rockefeller Foundation and RF Catalytic Capital may also apply. Funding Tracks Applicants should choose the track that best reflects their project’s development stage. Seed track • Grant amount: $500,000 to less than $1 million. • Intended for early concepts ready for an initial city pilot. • Funding may support refining the idea with city partners, developing a prototype and testing the solution in a real public